Vision of Ireland | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show St George in the East RegD/PLPar table	St Paul SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	85	1
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	16	1
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	30	-
Prison Service, &c.	1	-
Police	27	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	11	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	13	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	5	-
Army Pensioner	3	-
Seaman, R.N.	1	-
Navy Pensioner	3	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	84	74
Clergymen (Established Church)	4	-
Roman Catholic Priest	5	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	2	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	-	2
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	4
Barrister, Solicitor	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	5	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	5	-
Dentist	1	-
Medical Student, Assistant	2	-
Midwife	-	2
Subordinate Medical Service	2	32
Schoolmaster	12	27
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	3
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	3	-
Civil Engineer	2	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	2	-
Painter (artist)	4	-
Engraver (artist)	1	-
Musician, Music Master	10	2
Photographer	7	-
Actor	1	-
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	8	2
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	120	793
Domestic Coachman, Groom	3	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	26	420
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	5	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	80	28
Office Keeper (not Government)	-	11
Cook (not domestic)	3	4
Charwoman	-	139
Washing and Bathing Service	1	188
Hospital and Institution Service	-	1
Others engaged in Service	2	2
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	205	10
Broker, Agent, Factor	19	2
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	5	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	4	1
Commercial Traveller	34	-
Commercial Clerk	141	7
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	2	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,799	11
Railway Guard	7	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	47	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	1	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	21	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	396	3
Tramway Companies' Service	1	-
Inland Navigation Service	8	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	162	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	215	3
Ship Steward, Cook	12	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	647	2
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	46	3
Meter, Weigher	3	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	228	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	4	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	19	3
Farmer, Grazier	1	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	1	-
Farm Bailiff	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	8	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Woodman	3	1
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	-	2
Gardener (not domestic)	3	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	50	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	27	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	11	-
Drover	7	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Fisherman	1	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	2	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	136	55
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	8	1
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	24	48
Printer	90	6
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	9	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	3	-
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	131	5
Engine, Machine Maker	17	-
Millwright	2	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	26	-
Boiler Maker	21	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	1	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	4	-
Saw Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	14	1
Philosophical Instrument Maker	15	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	2	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	6	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	4	1
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	13	1
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	1	1
Toy Maker, Dealer	1	1
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	509	15
Builder	17	-
Carpenter, Joiner	118	1
Bricklayer	115	-
Mason	11	-
Slater, Tiler	3	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	5	-
Paperhanger	3	-
Plumber	30	-
Painter, Glazier	96	1
Cabinet Maker	52	3
French Polisher	7	2
Furniture Broker, Dealer	4	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	5	-
Gas Fitter	15	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	1
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	5	1
Wood Carver	2	-
Carver, Gilder	13	-
Dealer in Works of Art	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	6	-
Artificial Flower Maker	-	6
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	28	-
Coachmaker	7	-
Wheelwright	14	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	7	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	85	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	24	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	25	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	2	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	20	-
Sail Maker	14	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	16	2
Dye, Paint Manufacture	3	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	-	2
Chemist, Druggist	6	-
Manufacturing Chemist	6	-
Drysalter	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	98	44
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	98	41
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	-	3
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	603	70
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	35	2
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	10	9
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	12	3
Maltster	1	1
Brewer	10	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	27	2
Cellarman	43	3
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	16	1
Milkseller, Dairyman	16	1
Cheesemonger, Butterman	10	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	84	-
Provision Curer, Dealer	8	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	4	1
Fishmonger	32	8
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	6	2
Corn Miller	2	-
Baker	104	5
Confectioner, Pastrycook	15	8
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	18	5
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	3	10
Sugar Refiner	88	1
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	44	6
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	15	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	102	64
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	5	-
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	-	2
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	-	1
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	1	7
Silk Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	2	-
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	2	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	-	2
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	3	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	57	20
Mat Maker, Seller	2	-
Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture	-	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	2	14
Weaver (undefined)	1	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	4	-
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	1	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	18	6
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	2
Trimming Maker, Dealer	1	4
Embroiderer	-	4
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	414	1,161
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	7	7
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	2
Tailor	147	628
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	2	212
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	2	163
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	7	19
Button Maker, Dealer	-	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	207	43
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	19	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	22	80
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	6
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	70	52
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	3	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	13	4
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Comb Maker	1	-
Others	2	1
Furrier, Skinner	17	29
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Currier	18	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	4	2
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	2	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	6	9
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	1	6
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	256	47
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Oil and Colourman	15	-
Japanner	3	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	6	2
Others	2	1
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	9	2
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	2	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	15	1
Sawyer	14	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	7	3
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	129	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	19	2
Paper Manufacture	2	11
Envelope Maker	-	4
Stationer, Law Stationer	14	3
Paper Stainer	7	-
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	8	13
Ticket, Label Writer	3	4
Others	-	1
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	267	10
Coal Merchant	3	-
Coalheaver	32	3
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	6	-
Gas Works Service	18	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	2	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	1	-
Paviour	4	-
Road Labourer	2	-
Platelayer	1	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	11	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	5	1
Glass Manufacture	11	2
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	3	1
Waterworks Service	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	5	-
Gold, Silver, Beater	8	-
[Iron Manufacture]	19	-
Blacksmith	45	-
Whitesmith	3	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	8	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	3	-
[Coppersmith]	13	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	23	1
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	5	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	3	2
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	2	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	17	-
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	5	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	1	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	5	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	982	233
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	58	24
Pawnbroker	10	2
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	32	21
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	9	1
General Labourer	741	5
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	54	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	41	3
Apprentice (undefined)	1	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	35	7
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	1	169
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	14	1
Town Drainage Service	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	4	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	4	1
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	4	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	62	301
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	62	301
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	108	3,056
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	7	5
[Blank field, or illegible]	101	3,051

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)