Vision of Ireland | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show St Georges PLPar/RegD/PLU table	St Margaret and St John SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	549	67
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	92	11
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	119	4
Prison Service, &c.	55	50
Police	257	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	21	2
Other Local or County Official	4	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	510	5
Army Officer (effective/retired)	12	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	426	4
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Army Pensioner	37	1
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	5	-
Seaman, R.N.	3	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	22	-
Navy Pensioner	3	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	416	260
Clergymen (Established Church)	17	-
Roman Catholic Priest	4	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	1	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	3	11
Theological Student	1	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	6	3
Barrister, Solicitor	19	-
Law Student	10	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	69	1
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	15	-
Dentist	1	-
Medical Student, Assistant	17	5
Midwife	-	5
Subordinate Medical Service	2	63
Schoolmaster	39	100
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	7	29
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	12	1
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	5	1
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	3	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	2	-
Civil Engineer	19	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	8	-
Painter (artist)	9	4
Engraver (artist)	4	1
Sculptor	3	-
Architect	11	1
Musician, Music Master	86	19
Art Student	5	3
Photographer	6	1
Actor	4	7
Art, Music, Theatre Service	11	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	4	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	11	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	591	2,208
Domestic Coachman, Groom	50	-
Domestic Gardener	2	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	190	1,126
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	8	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	238	55
College, Club Service	21	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	13	18
Cook (not domestic)	9	1
Charwoman	3	370
Washing and Bathing Service	17	622
Hospital and Institution Service	4	13
Others engaged in Service	36	3
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	598	23
Merchant	7	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	29	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	8	-
Accountant	10	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	12	2
Commercial Traveller	47	-
Commercial Clerk	452	20
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	5	1
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	15	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	11	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,427	12
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	2	-
Railway Guard	3	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	2	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	53	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	31	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	298	2
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	370	2
Tramway Companies' Service	4	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	53	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	26	-
Ship Steward, Cook	3	-
Boatman on Seas	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	21	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	50	1
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	501	3
Telegraph, Telephone Service	7	4
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	134	12
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	78	3
Shepherd	1	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	2	-
Woodman	22	6
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	7	3
Gardener (not domestic)	23	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	311	4
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	6	1
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	245	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	48	1
Drover	2	-
Gamekeeper	1	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Fisherman	3	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	5	2
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	331	36
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	30	1
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	6	2
Bookbinder	41	29
Printer	233	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	8	1
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	11	1
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	2	1
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	323	10
Engine, Machine Maker	29	-
Millwright	8	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	55	-
Boiler Maker	6	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	2	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	15	-
File Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	18	2
Philosophical Instrument Maker	9	1
Electrical Apparatus Maker	20	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	10	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	3	3
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	22	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	115	3
Type Cutter, Founder	2	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	2	1
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	1	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	2	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,716	33
Builder	61	-
Carpenter, Joiner	380	1
Bricklayer	260	-
Mason	250	1
Slater, Tiler	19	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	86	-
Paperhanger	18	-
Plumber	78	-
Painter, Glazier	295	2
Cabinet Maker	69	18
French Polisher	38	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	11	2
Locksmith, Bellhanger	9	-
Gas Fitter	90	1
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	7	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	6	-
Others	1	-
Wood Carver	9	-
Carver, Gilder	18	-
Dealer in Works of Art	2	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	2	-
Artificial Flower Maker	7	8
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	150	2
Coachmaker	58	1
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	1	-
Wheelwright	42	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	48	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	13	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	5	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	6	-
Sail Maker	2	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	41	1
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	4	-
Chemist, Druggist	30	1
Manufacturing Chemist	6	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	25	6
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	23	6
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	2	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	777	122
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	67	9
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	9	47
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	32	10
Maltster	1	-
Brewer	61	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	7	2
Cellarman	27	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	9	1
Milkseller, Dairyman	46	5
Cheesemonger, Butterman	24	2
Butcher, Meat Salesman	94	2
Provision Curer, Dealer	11	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	3	-
Fishmonger	50	3
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	11	1
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	129	13
Confectioner, Pastrycook	27	11
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	67	6
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	89	6
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	12	1
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	64	81
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	8	3
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	2	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	1	-
Ribbon Manufacture	-	1
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	3	17
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	-	1
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	1	2
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	3
Fustian Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Mat Maker, Seller	1	-
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	3	2
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	8	2
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	1	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	2	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	32	22
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	6
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	3
Embroiderer	-	18
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	526	1,434
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	21	9
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	1	7
Tailor	246	359
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	4	695
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	3	318
Hosiery Manufacture	-	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	6	5
Glover, Glove Maker	1	-
Button Maker, Dealer	1	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	185	23
Patten, Clog Maker	1	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	26	3
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	8	2
Accoutrement Maker	21	11
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	2	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	57	7
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	4	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	3	1
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Currier	16	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	21	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	-	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	11	3
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	2
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	215	33
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Oil and Colourman	20	-
Japanner	1	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	2	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Others	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	20	8
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	4	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	29	3
Sawyer	28	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	1	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	8	1
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	37	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	5	-
Paper Manufacture	6	1
Envelope Maker	2	5
Stationer, Law Stationer	33	10
Card, Pattern Card Maker	1	-
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	5	3
Ticket, Label Writer	2	-
Others	4	2
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	727	26
Coal Miner	18	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	6	-
Coal Merchant	21	2
Coalheaver	57	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	3	-
Gas Works Service	112	1
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	19	1
Slate Worker, Dealer	5	-
Limeburner	1	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	5	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	18	-
Paviour	11	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	5	-
Platelayer	1	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	4	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	8	6
Glass Manufacture	22	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	16	2
Waterworks Service	6	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	29	1
Others	10	4
[Iron Manufacture]	45	-
Blacksmith	100	-
Whitesmith	11	-
Nail Manufacture	3	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	28	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	2	-
[Coppersmith]	5	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	40	3
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	9	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	10	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	73	-
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	1	5
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	4	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	10	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	2	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	3	-
Clasp, Buckle, Hinge Maker	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,638	349
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	146	62
Pawnbroker	9	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	161	126
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	21	4
Contractor (undefined)	6	-
General Labourer	1,046	5
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	84	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	100	27
Apprentice (undefined)	6	2
Factory Labourer (undefined)	44	4
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	15	119
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	37	3
Town Drainage Service	5	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	20	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	11	3
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	259	621
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	259	621
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	176	5,150
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	6	3
[Blank field, or illegible]	170	5,147

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)