Vision of Ireland | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Dartford RegD/PLU table	Dartford SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	40	4
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	10	3
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	10	-
Police	13	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	3	1
Other Local or County Official	4	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	119	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	3	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	88	-
Army Pensioner	9	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Seaman, R.N.	8	-
Navy Pensioner	7	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	139	133
Clergymen (Established Church)	11	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	6	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	1
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	2
Theological Student	1	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	2
Barrister, Solicitor	10	-
Law Student	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	17	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	14	-
Medical Student, Assistant	1	-
Subordinate Medical Service	-	29
Schoolmaster	42	62
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	1	29
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	4	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Civil Engineer	8	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	3	-
Engraver (artist)	3	-
Musician, Music Master	3	5
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	3	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	185	1,150
Domestic Coachman, Groom	34	-
Domestic Gardener	58	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	53	932
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	4	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	18	24
Office Keeper (not Government)	-	3
Cook (not domestic)	3	-
Charwoman	-	32
Washing and Bathing Service	2	103
Hospital and Institution Service	12	56
Others engaged in Service	1	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	133	1
Merchant	4	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	18	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	5	-
Accountant	2	-
Commercial Traveller	11	-
Commercial Clerk	73	-
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	8	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	10	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	428	3
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	6	-
Railway Guard	7	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	4	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	52	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	1	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	34	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	69	-
Inland Navigation Service	7	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	56	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	117	-
Pilot	2	-
Ship Steward, Cook	5	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	10	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	8	-
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	48	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	724	52
Farmer, Grazier	38	2
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	9	-
Farm Bailiff	22	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	481	43
Shepherd	14	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	4	1
Woodman	2	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	13	1
Gardener (not domestic)	141	5
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	37	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	25	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	6	-
Drover	1	-
Gamekeeper	2	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	2	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	42	1
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	4	-
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	5	1
Printer	30	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	2	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	172	1
Engine, Machine Maker	49	1
Millwright	20	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	66	-
Boiler Maker	14	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	9	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	4	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	1	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	1	-
Type Cutter, Founder	2	-
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	463	3
Builder	19	-
Carpenter, Joiner	155	-
Bricklayer	150	1
Mason	15	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	9	-
Paperhanger	2	-
Plumber	30	-
Painter, Glazier	52	-
Cabinet Maker	14	2
French Polisher	3	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	1	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	-
Gas Fitter	8	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Carver, Gilder	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	39	-
Coachmaker	8	-
Wheelwright	18	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	13	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	16	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	4	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	9	-
Sail Maker	3	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	57	15
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	40	14
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	1
Chemist, Druggist	12	-
Manufacturing Chemist	2	-
Drysalter	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	8	2
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	2	-
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	6	2
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	371	54
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	44	2
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	2	5
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	3	2
Maltster	3	-
Brewer	32	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	29	2
Cellarman	2	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	5	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	10	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	49	3
Provision Curer, Dealer	1	2
Poulterer, Game Dealer	1	-
Fishmonger	19	1
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	7	1
Corn Miller	2	2
Baker	76	8
Confectioner, Pastrycook	4	4
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	13	5
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	-	1
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	66	16
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	90	52
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	1	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	2	1
Silk Dyer, Printer	28	14
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	9	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	-	6
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	6	1
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	9
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	2	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	42	18
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	1
Embroiderer	-	1
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	106	239
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	-	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	30	12
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	1	189
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	1	30
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	66	5
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	6	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	2	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	115	1
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	1	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	87	-
Currier	25	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	1	-
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	413	355
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Oil and Colourman	5	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	11	1
Thatcher	4	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	7	-
Sawyer	7	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	130	1
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Paper Manufacture	235	350
Stationer, Law Stationer	8	2
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	1
Ticket, Label Writer	1	-
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	584	3
Coal Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	3	-
Coal Merchant	9	-
Coalheaver	6	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	1	-
Gas Works Service	18	-
Limeburner	7	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	20	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	235	1
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	45	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	2	-
Road Labourer	7	-
Platelayer	22	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	42	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	1	-
Glass Manufacture	1	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	1	-
Waterworks Service	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	2	-
[Iron Manufacture]	47	-
Blacksmith	76	1
Whitesmith	2	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	14	1
[Coppersmith]	2	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	17	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,692	108
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	16	14
Pawnbroker	3	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	17	8
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	50	-
Contractor (undefined)	7	-
General Labourer	1,191	6
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	100	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	41	14
Apprentice (undefined)	240	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	26	55
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	1	10
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	29	-
Town Drainage Service	24	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	3	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	192	558
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	192	558
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	111	3,273
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	1	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	110	3,272

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)