1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Tonbridge RegD/PLU table Tonbridge AP/CP
OCCUPATIONS. Males.
[1]
Females.
[2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY. 125 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Civil Service (officers and clerks) 28 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Civil Service (messengers, &c.) 25 Show data context -
  Police 42 Show data context -
  Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer 16 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Other Local or County Official 14 Show data context -
  East Indian and Colonial Service - 1 Show data context
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY. 75 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Army Officer (effective/retired) 41 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Soldier and Non-commissioned officer 13 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers 9 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Army Pensioner 5 Show data context -
  Navy Officer (effective/retired) 3 Show data context -
  Royal Marines (officers/men) 3 Show data context -
  Navy Pensioner 1 Show data context -
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES). 441 Show data context 436 Show data context
  Clergymen (Established Church) 37 Show data context -
  Roman Catholic Priest 2 Show data context -
  Minister, Priest of other religious bodies 14 Show data context -
  Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher 4 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Nun, Sister of Charity - 10 Show data context
  Theological Student 2 Show data context -
  Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant 7 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Barrister, Solicitor 35 Show data context -
  Law Student 4 Show data context -
  Law Clerk, and others connected with the law 46 Show data context -
  Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner 25 Show data context -
  Dentist 8 Show data context -
  Medical Student, Assistant 8 Show data context -
  Subordinate Medical Service 3 Show data context 95 Show data context
  Schoolmaster 85 Show data context 148 Show data context
  Teacher, Professor, Lecturer 19 Show data context 119 Show data context
  School Service, and others connected with teaching - 9 Show data context
  Author, Editor, Journalist 6 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Reporter, Short-hand Writer 3 Show data context -
  Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits 2 Show data context -
  Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c. - 1 Show data context
  Civil Engineer 9 Show data context -
  Land, House, Ship, Surveyor 8 Show data context -
  Painter (artist) 10 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Architect 19 Show data context -
  Musician, Music Master 36 Show data context 23 Show data context
  Art Student 3 Show data context -
  Photographer 29 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Actor 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Art, Music, Theatre Service 1 Show data context -
  Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service 7 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service 7 Show data context -
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES. 459 Show data context 3,580 Show data context
  Domestic Coachman, Groom 97 Show data context -
  Domestic Gardener 132 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Domestic Indoor Servant 162 Show data context 2,952 Show data context
  Inn, Hotel Servant 45 Show data context 38 Show data context
  College, Club Service 2 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Office Keeper (not Government) 3 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Cook (not domestic) 3 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Charwoman 1 Show data context 105 Show data context
  Washing and Bathing Service 13 Show data context 469 Show data context
  Hospital and Institution Service 1 Show data context 8 Show data context
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS. 274 Show data context 16 Show data context
  Merchant 14 Show data context -
  Broker, Agent, Factor 29 Show data context -
  Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent 23 Show data context -
  Accountant 10 Show data context -
  Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified) 1 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Commercial Traveller 25 Show data context -
  Commercial Clerk 126 Show data context 15 Show data context
  Banker 5 Show data context -
  Bank Service 25 Show data context -
  Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent 1 Show data context -
  Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service 15 Show data context -
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES. 687 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Railway Engine Driver, Stoker 52 Show data context -
  Railway Guard 19 Show data context -
  Pointsman, Level Crossing Man 6 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Other Railway Officials and Servants 151 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper 24 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic) 152 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier 125 Show data context -
  Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c. 12 Show data context -
  Inland Navigation Service 1 Show data context -
  Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman 3 Show data context -
  Navigation Service (on shore) 2 Show data context -
  Seaman (Merchant Service) 6 Show data context -
  Ship Steward, Cook 1 Show data context -
  Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service 1 Show data context -
  Warehouseman (not Manchester) 9 Show data context -
  Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government) 117 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Telegraph, Telephone Service 6 Show data context 2 Show data context
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE. 1,025 Show data context 28 Show data context
  Farmer, Grazier 51 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew 9 Show data context -
  Farm Bailiff 23 Show data context -
  Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager 563 Show data context 23 Show data context
  Shepherd 5 Show data context -
  Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant 3 Show data context -
  Agricultural Student 1 Show data context -
  Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture 4 Show data context -
  Woodman - 1 Show data context
  Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist 18 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Gardener (not domestic) 348 Show data context -
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS. 119 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer 5 Show data context -
  Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker 75 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier 5 Show data context -
  Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman 5 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Drover 6 Show data context -
  Gamekeeper 18 Show data context -
  Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer 5 Show data context -
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS. 99 Show data context 13 Show data context
  Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian 16 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer 1 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Bookbinder 5 Show data context -
  Printer 69 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper 3 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Lithographer, Lithographic Printer 5 Show data context -
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS. 228 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Engine, Machine Maker 8 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine) 10 Show data context -
  Boiler Maker 2 Show data context -
  Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker 3 Show data context -
  Cutler, Scissors Maker 3 Show data context -
  Steel Pen Maker - 1 Show data context
  Watch Maker, Clock Maker 43 Show data context -
  Electrical Apparatus Maker 28 Show data context -
  Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker 4 Show data context -
  Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer 3 Show data context -
  Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer 8 Show data context -
  Toy Maker, Dealer - 6 Show data context
  Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer 116 Show data context -
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS. 1,471 Show data context 30 Show data context
  Builder 77 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Carpenter, Joiner 402 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Bricklayer 323 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Mason 44 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Plasterer, Whitewasher 79 Show data context -
  Paperhanger 6 Show data context -
  Plumber 114 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Painter, Glazier 264 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Cabinet Maker 67 Show data context 16 Show data context
  French Polisher 8 Show data context -
  Furniture Broker, Dealer 15 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Locksmith, Bellhanger 4 Show data context -
  Gas Fitter 25 Show data context 1 Show data context
  House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer 6 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Others 1 Show data context -
  Wood Carver 18 Show data context -
  Carver, Gilder 17 Show data context -
  Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist 1 Show data context -
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS. 116 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Coachmaker 57 Show data context -
  Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker 1 Show data context -
  Wheelwright 30 Show data context -
  Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker 28 Show data context 1 Show data context
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS. 9 Show data context -
  Ship, Boat, Barge Builder 7 Show data context -
  Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore) 2 Show data context -
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS. 41 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Dye, Paint Manufacture - 1 Show data context
  Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture 7 Show data context -
  Chemist, Druggist 34 Show data context -
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES. 16 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist 15 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker 1 Show data context -
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING. 925 Show data context 169 Show data context
  Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican 64 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Lodging, Boarding House Keeper 34 Show data context 94 Show data context
  Coffee, Eating House, Keeper 8 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Hop - Merchant, Dealer 3 Show data context -
  Maltster 2 Show data context -
  Brewer 48 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer 29 Show data context 9 Show data context
  Cellarman 6 Show data context -
  Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent 14 Show data context -
  Milkseller, Dairyman 59 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Butcher, Meat Salesman 133 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Provision Curer, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Poulterer, Game Dealer 7 Show data context -
  Fishmonger 32 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer 22 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Corn Miller 2 Show data context -
  Baker 128 Show data context 5 Show data context
  Confectioner, Pastrycook 29 Show data context 10 Show data context
  Greengrocer, Fruiterer 54 Show data context 15 Show data context
  Sugar Refiner 1 Show data context -
  Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer 243 Show data context 8 Show data context
  Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer 5 Show data context -
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS. 114 Show data context 102 Show data context
  Woolstapler 4 Show data context -
  Woollen Cloth Manufacture - 1 Show data context
  Silk Merchant, Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Lace Manufacturer, Dealer - 3 Show data context
  Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined) 8 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer 98 Show data context 83 Show data context
  Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 2 Show data context 12 Show data context
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS. 358 Show data context 725 Show data context
  Hatter, Hat Manufacture 2 Show data context -
  Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture - 4 Show data context
  Tailor 176 Show data context 17 Show data context
  Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker 1 Show data context 613 Show data context
  Shirt Maker, Seamstress - 81 Show data context
  Hosier, Haberdasher 5 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Glover, Glove Maker 2 Show data context -
  Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer 138 Show data context 6 Show data context
  Patten, Clog Maker 3 Show data context -
  Wig Maker, Hair Dresser 23 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer 8 Show data context -
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES. 30 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture 9 Show data context -
  Soap Boiler, Maker 1 Show data context -
  Furrier, Skinner 1 Show data context -
  Tanner, Fellmonger 16 Show data context -
  Currier 3 Show data context -
  Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer - 1 Show data context
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES. 137 Show data context 13 Show data context
  Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Oil and Colourman 8 Show data context -
  Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker 7 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Thatcher 3 Show data context -
  Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer 16 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Sawyer 44 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker 6 Show data context -
  Wood Turner, Box Maker 9 Show data context -
  Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender 20 Show data context -
  Paper Manufacture 3 Show data context -
  Stationer, Law Stationer 10 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker 3 Show data context -
  Others 7 Show data context -
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES. 448 Show data context 7 Show data context
  Miner, in other or undefined Minerals 1 Show data context -
  Mine Service 1 Show data context -
  Coal Merchant 26 Show data context 1 Show data context
  Coalheaver 17 Show data context -
  Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Gas Works Service 29 Show data context -
  Stone Quarrier 1 Show data context -
  Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer 2 Show data context -
  Plaster, Cement Manufacture 1 Show data context -
  Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer 74 Show data context -
  Paviour 1 Show data context -
  Road Labourer 10 Show data context -
  Platelayer 26 Show data context -
  Railway Labourer, Navvy 27 Show data context -
  Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture 11 Show data context -
  Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer 11 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Waterworks Service 2 Show data context -
  Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller 14 Show data context 3 Show data context
  Others 1 Show data context -
  [Iron Manufacture] 15 Show data context -
  Blacksmith 107 Show data context -
  Whitesmith 13 Show data context -
  Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant 41 Show data context -
  Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 10 Show data context -
  Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer 1 Show data context -
  Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier 3 Show data context -
  Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer 2 Show data context -
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES. 816 Show data context 91 Show data context
  General Shopkeeper, Dealer 51 Show data context 38 Show data context
  Pawnbroker 5 Show data context -
  Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller 42 Show data context 27 Show data context
  Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined) 1 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Contractor (undefined) 2 Show data context -
  General Labourer 639 Show data context 4 Show data context
  Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural) 29 Show data context -
  Artizan, Mechanic (undefined) 34 Show data context 15 Show data context
  Apprentice (undefined) 4 Show data context 2 Show data context
  Factory Labourer (undefined) 6 Show data context -
  Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined) 3 Show data context 3 Show data context
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS. 27 Show data context -
  Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant 24 Show data context -
  Rag Gatherer, Dealer 3 Show data context -
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS. 361 Show data context 1,683 Show data context
  Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation 361 Show data context 1,683 Show data context
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION] 147 Show data context 4,840 Show data context
  [Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning] 5 Show data context -
  [Blank field, or illegible] 142 Show data context 4,840 Show data context

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1 This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2 In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3 NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4 The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5 Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6 In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.


Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)