Vision of Ireland | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show Middlesex RegC table	St Margaret and St John RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	19,476
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	947
(1) Officers of National Government	411
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	101
Post Office	66
Inland Revenue	11
Customs	10
Government Messengers, Workmen	206
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	17
(2) Officers of Local Government	533
Magistrate	8
Police	404
Prison Officer	88
Union and Parish Officer	17
Officer of Local Board	7
Other Local Officers	9
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	3
E. India and Col. Service	3
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	1,972
(1) Army	1,951
Army Officer	54
Army Half-pay Officer	28
Soldier	1,767
Chelsea Pensioner	91
Militia	7
Others	4
(2) Navy	21
Navy Officer	3
Navy Half-pay Officer	5
Seaman, R.N.	3
Royal Marine	2
Greenwich Pensioner	5
Others	3
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	776
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	112
Clergyman	44
Protestant Minister	5
Roman Catholic Priest	5
Other Relig. Teachers	47
Parish Clerk	1
Other Church Officers	10
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	224
Barrister	42
Solicitor	39
Law Student	2
Other Lawyers	7
Officers of Law Court	9
Law Clerk	98
Law Stationer	27
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	106
Physician	12
Surgeon, Apothecary	35
Medical Student, Assist.	19
Dentist	4
Druggist	34
Others	2
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	31
Author, Editor, Writer	12
Ors. eng. in Literature	19
(5) Artists	67
Artist, Painter	32
Sculptor	8
Engraver	19
Photographic Artist	8
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	93
Musician	75
Music-master	18
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	25
Actor	14
In Theatres, Exhibitions	11
(8) Teachers	63
Schoolmaster	38
Teacher of Languages	10
Profes. of Mathematics	2
Teacher (General)	6
Teacher of Dancing	2
Other Teachers	5
(9) Scientific Persons	55
Civil Engineer	49
Other Scientific Persons	6
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	54
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	44
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	44
(4) Scholars (so described)	10
Scholar (so described)	10
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	1,392
(1) In Board and Lodging	279
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	4
Publican	154
Beerseller	23
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	16
Coffee-house Keeper	36
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	28
Others--Boarding, &c.	18
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	1,113
Domst. Serv. (General)	621
Coachman	129
Groom	49
Gardener	9
Inn Servant	276
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	5
Others	24
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	809
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	456
Merchant	46
Banker	6
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	10
Stock Broker, &c.	11
Ship Broker, Agent	3
Broker	10
Agent, Factor	29
Coal, Colliery Agent	3
Iron Merchant, Agent	3
Salesman	5
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	7
Accountant	30
Commercial Clerk	234
Commercial Traveller	49
Other Mercantile Men	10
(2) Other General Dealers	353
Pawnbroker	14
Marine-store Dealer	13
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	181
Shopkeeper	9
Hawker, Pedlar	133
Other General Dealers	3
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	1,549
(1) Carriers on Railways	37
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	8
Railway Official	10
Railway Servant	19
Railway Police	0
Ors. eng. in	0
(2) Carriers on Roads	793
Toll Collector	0
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	47
Livery Staple Keeper	8
Coachman (not domstc.)	186
Cabman, Flyman	233
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	301
Others	18
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	103
Canal and River Service	1
Bargeman, Waterman	100
Others	2
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	103
Shipowner	0
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	75
Pilot	1
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	19
Wharfinger	4
Others	4
(5) Engaged in Storage	41
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	37
Others in Storage	4
(6) Messengers and Porters	472
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	457
Telegraph Service	12
Others in Messages	3
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	173
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	114
Land Proprietor	34
Farmer, Grazier	8
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	0
Farm Bailiff	1
Agricultural Labourer	57
Shepherd (out-door)	1
Farm Servant (in-door)	0
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	12
Others in Agriculture	1
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	1
Woodman	1
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	58
Gardener	58
Nurseryman	0
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	379
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	379
Horse Dealer	10
Horsebreaker	3
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	276
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	72
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	3
Drover	9
Pig Merchant, Dealer	0
Gamekeeper	2
Vermin Destroyer	1
Fisherman	2
Others about Animals	1
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	4,232
(1) In Books	315
Bookseller, Publisher	46
Bookbinder	48
Printer	195
Newspaper Agent	18
Others in Publications	8
(2) In Musical Instrument	154
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	143
Others	11
(3) In Prints and Pictures	32
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	7
Others	25
(4) In Carving and Figures	25
Wood-carver	15
Others	10
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	11
Toy Maker, Dealer	5
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	6
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	17
Pattern Designer	5
Others	12
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	62
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	39
Optician	14
Weight or Measure Mkr.	3
Others	6
(8) In Surgical Instruments	14
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	10
Others	4
(9) In Arms	125
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	108
Others	17
(10) In Machines	230
Eng. and Mach. Maker	145
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	19
File-maker	1
Saw Smith, Maker	8
Cutler	27
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	30
(11) In Carriages	82
Coachmaker	81
Others	1
(12) In Harness	89
Saddler, Harness-maker	84
Whip-maker	5
(13) In Ships	38
Shipbldr., Shipwright	19
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	0
Boat, Barge,--Builder	9
Sailmaker	10
Others	0
(14) In Houses and Buildings	2,693
House Proprietor	37
House Agent	8
Architect	39
Surveyor	19
Builder	85
Carpenter, Joiner	777
Bricklayer	457
Marble Mason	98
Mason, Pavior	425
Slater, Tiler	14
Plasterer	169
Paperhanger	19
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	527
Others	19
(15) In Furniture	246
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	150
Undertaker	21
Chair-maker	10
Picture-frame Maker	8
Carver, Gilder	29
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	3
Furniture Broker	21
Others	4
(16) In Implements	65
Wheelwright	55
Millwright	10
Other Implement Mkrs.	0
(17) In Chemicals	34
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	1
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	1
Dyer, Calenderer	25
Others	7
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	1,896
(1) In Wool and Worsted	34
Woolstapler	4
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	4
Clothier	14
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	3
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	3
Others	6
(2) In Silk	13
Silk manufacture	3
Silk Dyer, Printer	1
Silk Mercer	9
Ribbon manufacture	0
Others	0
(3) In Cotton and Flax	5
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	0
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	0
Cotton manufacture	3
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	1
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	1
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	224
Packer and Presser	5
Weaver (undefined)	9
Manchester Warehmn.	2
Draper, Mercer	202
Others	6
(5) In Dress	1,595
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	56
Hatter, Hat manuf.	37
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	3
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	3
Tailor	666
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	6
Button-maker	7
Hose manufacture	3
Hosier, Haberdasher	15
Glover, Leather, &c.	5
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	668
Patten, Clog,--Maker	0
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	14
Others providing Dress	112
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	25
Mat Maker, Seller	4
Rope, Cord,--Maker	3
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	18
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,148
(1) In Animal Food	378
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	78
Cheesemonger	39
Butcher, Meat Salesman	166
Provision Curer, Dealer	18
Poulterer, Game Dealer	13
Fishmonger	60
Others	4
(2) In Vegetable Food	417
Corn Merchant, Dealer	30
Miller	13
Flour Dealer, Agent	0
Baker	234
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	37
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	87
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	2
Potato Merchant	6
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	4
Sugar Refiner	3
Others	1
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	353
Maltster	3
Brewer, &c.	106
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	30
Distiller, Rectifier	12
Cellarman	12
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	7
Grocer, Tea Dealer	135
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	8
Tobacconist	33
Others	7
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	115
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	25
Soap-boiler	1
Tallow-chandler	13
Comb-maker	3
Others	8
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	70
Fellmonger	3
Skinner	0
Tanner	1
Currier	36
Others	30
(3) In Hair	20
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	1
Brush, Broom,--Maker	19
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	428
(1) In Gums and Resins	95
Oil Miller, Refiner	3
Oil and Colourman	33
French-polisher	52
Japanner	7
Others	0
(2) In Wood	241
Timber Merch., Dealer	13
Wood Dealer	22
Sawyer	79
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	9
Turner	11
Box-maker	2
Cooper	52
Hoop Maker, Bender	0
Others	53
(3) In Bark	10
Cork Cutter, manuf.	10
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	34
Basket-maker	22
Hay and Straw Dealer	5
Thatcher	0
Others	7
(5) In Paper	48
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	8
Paper manufacture	1
Stationer (not Law)	30
Paper-stainer	5
Others Workers in Paper	4
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	1,439
(1) In Mining	12
Coal-miner	6
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	1
Others	5
(2) In Coal	475
Coal Merchant, Dealer	31
Coalheaver, Labourer	135
Coke Burner, Dealer	2
Chimney Sweeper	32
Gas Works Service	274
Other Workers in Coal	1
(3) In Stone, Clay	176
Stone Quarrier	0
Stone Cutter, Polisher	73
Slate Quarrier	0
Limestone Quar., Burner	0
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	10
Railway Labourer	2
Platelayer	0
Excavator, Navvy	45
Road Contractor, &c.	0
Road Labourer	5
Scavenger	5
Dust Collector	4
Others	32
(4) In Earthenware	24
Earthenware manuf.	2
Tobacco-pipe Makers	8
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	13
Others	1
(5) In Glass	19
Glass manufacture	16
Other Workers in Glass	3
(6) In Salt	1
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	1
(7) In Water	11
Waterworks Service	9
Others	2
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	75
Goldsmith, Jeweller	42
Plater, Plated Wareman	2
Others	31
(9) In Copper	11
Copper manufacture	0
Coppersmith	11
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	50
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	22
Tinplate Worker	28
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	9
Zinc manufacture	2
Others	7
(12) In Lead and Antimony	9
Lead manufacture	1
Typefounder	2
Others	6
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	229
Brass Founder, manuf.	76
Brazier	7
Locksmith, Bellhanger	15
Gasfitter	107
Wire Maker, Drawer	0
Wire Worker, Weaver	9
Others	15
(14) In Iron and Steel	338
Iron manufacture	36
Whitesmith	52
Blacksmith	210
Nail manufacture	1
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	0
Boiler-maker	6
Ironmonger	21
Hardwareman, Dealer	1
Steel manufacture	0
Grinder (branch undef.)	0
Others	11
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	1,757
(1) General Labourers	1,663
Labourer	1,663
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	94
Mechanic	6
Shopman	24
Apprentice	0
Others of indef. occu.	64
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	135
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	135
Gentleman	72
Annuitant	63
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	58
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	57
Dependent on Relatives	2
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	6
Pauper, no stated occ.	8
Lunatic, no stated occ.	0
Others	41
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	1
Vagrant, Beggar	0
Gipsy	1
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	217
Visitor, no stated occ.	12
Others of no stated occupation or condition	205

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.