Vision of Ireland | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Lambeth RegD/PLPar	Kennington 1st SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	403	17
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	161	17
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	96	-
Prison Service, &c.	21	-
Police	100	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	19	-
Other Local or County Official	4	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	2	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	38	1
Army Officer (effective/retired)	6	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	12	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	4	-
Army Pensioner	10	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Seaman, R.N.	3	-
Navy Pensioner	2	1
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	805	553
Clergymen (Established Church)	19	-
Roman Catholic Priest	2	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	5	1
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	10	2
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	63
Theological Student	7	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	3	6
Barrister, Solicitor	40	-
Law Student	4	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	158	5
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	38	-
Dentist	10	1
Medical Student, Assistant	50	1
Midwife	-	3
Subordinate Medical Service	3	107
Schoolmaster	76	212
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	15	29
School Service, and others connected with teaching	5	2
Author, Editor, Journalist	23	3
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	30	1
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	2	1
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	5	-
Civil Engineer	53	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	14	-
Painter (artist)	27	18
Engraver (artist)	21	-
Sculptor	15	1
Architect	40	1
Musician, Music Master	58	54
Art Student	7	9
Photographer	24	2
Actor	17	28
Art, Music, Theatre Service	10	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	5	2
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	9	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	304	3,019
Domestic Coachman, Groom	35	-
Domestic Gardener	4	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	61	2,212
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	3	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	154	85
College, Club Service	5	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	4	4
Cook (not domestic)	5	4
Charwoman	1	113
Washing and Bathing Service	27	594
Hospital and Institution Service	3	7
Others engaged in Service	2	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	1,275	34
Merchant	29	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	71	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	24	1
Accountant	37	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	10	1
Commercial Traveller	142	-
Commercial Clerk	836	28
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	4	-
Bank Service	62	1
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	4	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	56	2
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	2,130	13
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	136	1
Railway Guard	56	1
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	16	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	782	3
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	27	1
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	229	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	421	-
Tramway Companies' Service	19	-
Inland Navigation Service	2	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	35	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	37	-
Ship Steward, Cook	5	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	23	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	81	1
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	240	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	19	6
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	71	3
Farmer, Grazier	7	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	2	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	10	-
Shepherd	2	-
Woodman	2	1
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	10	2
Gardener (not domestic)	38	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	173	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	3	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	112	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	47	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	3	-
Drover	4	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	2	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	2	1
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	456	45
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	39	6
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	6	1
Bookbinder	34	34
Printer	320	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	23	3
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	23	-
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	4	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	7	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	670	8
Engine, Machine Maker	141	-
Millwright	5	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	264	1
Boiler Maker	79	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	1	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	4	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
Saw Maker	2	-
Pin Maker	1	-
Pencil Maker (Wood)	-	1
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	12	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	20	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	7	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	9	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	8	1
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	10	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	67	-
Type Cutter, Founder	3	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	3	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	4	4
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	1	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	26	1
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,751	40
Builder	106	2
Carpenter, Joiner	451	-
Bricklayer	185	-
Mason	214	1
Slater, Tiler	7	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	61	-
Paperhanger	19	-
Plumber	76	1
Painter, Glazier	317	4
Cabinet Maker	125	9
French Polisher	40	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	9	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	4	-
Gas Fitter	55	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	24	4
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	11	-
Others	1	1
Wood Carver	12	-
Carver, Gilder	15	1
Dealer in Works of Art	10	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	3	1
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	2	-
Artificial Flower Maker	4	16
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	268	5
Coachmaker	128	4
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	25	-
Wheelwright	72	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Others	11	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	31	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	12	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	8	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	2	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	1	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	59	2
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	-	1
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	47	-
Manufacturing Chemist	10	1
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	29	16
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	21	16
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	8	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,012	151
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	70	12
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	1	47
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	24	7
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Maltster	3	-
Brewer	22	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	32	6
Cellarman	33	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	29	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	71	6
Cheesemonger, Butterman	36	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	144	6
Provision Curer, Dealer	26	3
Poulterer, Game Dealer	4	-
Fishmonger	43	5
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	34	2
Corn Miller	2	-
Baker	147	18
Confectioner, Pastrycook	15	10
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	75	12
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	11	-
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	174	12
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	14	5
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	177	120
Woolstapler	2	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	3	-
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	8	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	4	3
Silk Merchant, Dealer	6	2
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	1	1
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	3	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	-	5
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Mat Maker, Seller	1	-
Net Maker	1	-
Canvas, Sailcloth Manufacture	-	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	12	6
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	2	-
Felt Manufacture	1	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	5	-
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	113	75
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	9
Trimming Maker, Dealer	3	2
Embroiderer	1	16
Others	1	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	416	1,070
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	30	12
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	2	2
Tailor	143	99
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	15	750
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	9	141
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	18	27
Glover, Glove Maker	4	5
Button Maker, Dealer	1	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	149	19
Patten, Clog Maker	1	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	34	3
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	8	7
Accoutrement Maker	-	2
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	2
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	78	15
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	17	1
Soap Boiler, Maker	1	-
Manure Manufacture	1	-
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	4	-
Comb Maker	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	10	4
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	2
Currier	20	1
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	18	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	-	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	5	3
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	3
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	300	69
Oil and Colourman	41	2
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	3	-
Japanner	2	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	3	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Others	4	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	11	11
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	11	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	39	7
Sawyer	50	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	7	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	10	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	53	1
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	6	-
Others	1	-
Paper Manufacture	4	-
Envelope Maker	-	6
Stationer, Law Stationer	41	20
Card, Pattern Card Maker	2	-
Paper Stainer	5	1
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	4	20
Ticket, Label Writer	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	839	27
Coal Miner	3	-
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	10	1
Coalheaver	16	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	5	-
Gas Works Service	107	-
Stone Quarrier	1	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	12	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	8	1
Limeburner	1	-
Well Sinker, Borer	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	5	-
Paviour	10	-
Road Labourer	5	-
Railway Contractor	9	-
Platelayer	4	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	64	-
Others	2	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	51	19
Glass Manufacture	32	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	20	-
Waterworks Service	9	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	54	1
Gold, Silver, Beater	4	-
Others	5	1
[Iron Manufacture]	114	2
Blacksmith	103	-
Whitesmith	7	-
Nail Manufacture	1	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	25	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	2	-
[Coppersmith]	15	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	40	-
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	10	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	5	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	56	-
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	-	1
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	2	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	3	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	11	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	4	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,097	153
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	96	56
Pawnbroker	47	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	23	4
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	23	2
Contractor (undefined)	7	-
General Labourer	662	3
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	112	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	62	9
Apprentice (undefined)	8	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	42	4
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	15	74
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	22	2
Town Drainage Service	6	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	11	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	2	1
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	3	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	258	965
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	258	965
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	212	7,853
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	14	4
[Blank field, or illegible]	198	7,849

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)