Vision of Ireland | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Surrey RegC	Richmond RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	279	24
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	103	22
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	44	1
Police	108	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	9	1
Other Local or County Official	11	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	3	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	77	3
Army Officer (effective/retired)	35	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	7	1
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	11	-
Army Pensioner	12	2
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	9	-
Seaman, R.N.	1	-
Navy Pensioner	2	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	649	495
Clergymen (Established Church)	20	-
Roman Catholic Priest	5	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	8	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	5	4
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	15
Theological Student	44	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	5	3
Barrister, Solicitor	111	-
Law Student	11	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	44	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	29	1
Dentist	9	-
Medical Student, Assistant	18	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	3	89
Schoolmaster	73	181
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	20	135
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	12
Author, Editor, Journalist	16	2
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	5	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	4	1
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	4	3
Civil Engineer	38	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	12	-
Painter (artist)	39	8
Engraver (artist)	4	-
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	33	-
Musician, Music Master	43	20
Art Student	3	3
Photographer	18	8
Actor	11	9
Art, Music, Theatre Service	3	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	7	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	650	4,321
Domestic Coachman, Groom	143	1
Domestic Gardener	175	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	202	3,533
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	10	4
Inn, Hotel Servant	87	57
College, Club Service	3	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	2	3
Cook (not domestic)	8	6
Charwoman	-	118
Washing and Bathing Service	13	589
Hospital and Institution Service	6	9
Others engaged in Service	1	1
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	712	40
Merchant	50	3
Broker, Agent, Factor	75	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	21	-
Accountant	37	1
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	3	6
Commercial Traveller	43	-
Commercial Clerk	373	25
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	4	-
Banker	7	-
Bank Service	65	3
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	3	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	31	1
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	689	12
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	1	-
Railway Guard	13	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	4	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	144	5
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	1	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	17	2
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	118	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	139	1
Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c.	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	83	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	7	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	12	-
Ship Steward, Cook	2	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	8	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	13	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	120	1
Telegraph, Telephone Service	6	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	603	46
Farmer, Grazier	11	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	3	-
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	183	25
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	30	3
Gardener (not domestic)	374	18
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	81	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	49	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	24	-
Gamekeeper	6	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	76	8
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	24	3
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	3	1
Bookbinder	1	3
Printer	38	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	6	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	1	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	3	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	96	7
Engine, Machine Maker	27	1
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	17	-
Boiler Maker	1	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	28	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	4	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	2	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	1	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	10	1
Toy Maker, Dealer	2	4
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	-	1
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,332	33
Builder	77	3
Carpenter, Joiner	384	1
Bricklayer	297	-
Mason	35	-
Slater, Tiler	2	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	86	-
Paperhanger	12	-
Plumber	88	1
Painter, Glazier	235	4
Cabinet Maker	45	18
French Polisher	9	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	14	2
Locksmith, Bellhanger	2	-
Gas Fitter	26	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	1	-
Wood Carver	2	-
Carver, Gilder	10	-
Dealer in Works of Art	4	1
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	-	1
Artificial Flower Maker	-	2
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	56	-
Coachmaker	21	-
Wheelwright	17	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	17	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	18	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	17	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	38	2
Dye, Paint Manufacture	2	2
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	30	-
Manufacturing Chemist	5	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	13	5
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	13	5
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	843	120
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	73	9
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	9	55
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	9	4
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Maltster	11	-
Brewer	69	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	22	5
Cellarman	21	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	34	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	57	6
Cheesemonger, Butterman	7	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	100	3
Provision Curer, Dealer	7	-
Poulterer, Game Dealer	13	1
Fishmonger	37	1
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	16	1
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	112	9
Confectioner, Pastrycook	28	12
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	48	5
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	1	-
Sugar Refiner	18	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	145	9
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	3	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	140	80
Woolstapler	1	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	3	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	3	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	9	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	-	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	2	2
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	1	-
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	13	7
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	100	69
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	1
Trimming Maker, Dealer	2	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	240	582
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	3	3
Tailor	83	16
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	5	481
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	1	73
Hosiery Manufacture	-	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	6	-
Glover, Glove Maker	1	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	116	3
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	23	4
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	2	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	30	5
Soap Boiler, Maker	13	1
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	2	2
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	2	-
Currier	6	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	3	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	3	-
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	97	12
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Oil and Colourman	9	1
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	2	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	2
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	2	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	11	-
Sawyer	13	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	5	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	3	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	20	-
Paper Manufacture	1	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	18	9
Paper Stainer	1	-
Ticket, Label Writer	2	-
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	293	8
Coal Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	12	1
Coalheaver	28	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	2	-
Gas Works Service	34	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	4	-
Limeburner	1	-
Well Sinker, Borer	1	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	8	-
Paviour	3	-
Road Labourer	4	-
Platelayer	14	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	9	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	4	-
Glass Manufacture	1	1
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	3	5
Waterworks Service	9	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	19	-
[Iron Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	44	-
Whitesmith	40	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	30	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	8	-
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	5	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	2	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	1	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	2	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	703	87
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	45	34
Pawnbroker	4	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	11	2
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	18	4
Contractor (undefined)	5	-
General Labourer	509	2
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	23	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	66	41
Apprentice (undefined)	8	3
Factory Labourer (undefined)	11	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	3	1
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	17	-
Town Drainage Service	1	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	15	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	373	2,182
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	373	2,182
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	168	4,109
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	5	4
[Blank field, or illegible]	163	4,105

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)