Vision of Ireland | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Liverpool RegD/PLPar	Scotland SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	74	1
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	23	-
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	8	-
Prison Service, &c.	2	-
Police	25	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	16	1
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	51	1
Army Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	8	-
Army Pensioner	18	1
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Seaman, R.N.	15	-
Navy Pensioner	6	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	140	129
Roman Catholic Priest	31	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	1	5
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	5	-
Barrister, Solicitor	2	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	6	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	5	-
Dentist	1	-
Medical Student, Assistant	4	-
Midwife	-	16
Subordinate Medical Service	4	35
Schoolmaster	34	60
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	3
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	-
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	2	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	3	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	3	-
Engraver (artist)	1	-
Musician, Music Master	12	6
Art Student	1	-
Photographer	4	1
Actor	1	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	9	2
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	3	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	226	3,281
Domestic Coachman, Groom	2	-
Domestic Gardener	-	1
Domestic Indoor Servant	69	2,499
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	2	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	136	76
College, Club Service	1	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	2	38
Cook (not domestic)	4	2
Charwoman	2	462
Washing and Bathing Service	2	199
Hospital and Institution Service	1	2
Others engaged in Service	5	1
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	416	31
Broker, Agent, Factor	37	16
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	9	-
Accountant	1	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	7
Commercial Traveller	15	-
Commercial Clerk	331	6
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	2	-
Bank Service	1	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	-	1
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	19	1
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	8,162	89
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	52	-
Railway Guard	2	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	6	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	286	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	10	1
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	62	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	1,353	7
Tramway Companies' Service	12	-
Inland Navigation Service	4	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	196	3
Navigation Service (on shore)	3	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	1,749	5
Pilot	4	-
Ship Steward, Cook	80	16
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	3,684	18
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	66	35
Meter, Weigher	10	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	578	4
Telegraph, Telephone Service	5	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	152	24
Farmer, Grazier	18	2
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	10	-
Farm Bailiff	68	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	50	20
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	3	1
Gardener (not domestic)	3	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	133	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	4	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	59	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	22	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	19	-
Drover	21	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	2	-
Fisherman	6	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	137	103
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	8	2
Bookbinder	12	72
Printer	105	24
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	5	3
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	7	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	-	2
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	749	11
Engine, Machine Maker	63	1
Millwright	14	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	156	-
Boiler Maker	464	2
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	-	3
Tool Maker, Dealer	2	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	1	-
File Maker	2	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	27	2
Philosophical Instrument Maker	4	1
Electrical Apparatus Maker	5	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	7	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	1	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	2
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,181	56
Builder	33	-
Carpenter, Joiner	312	-
Bricklayer	230	1
Mason	88	-
Slater, Tiler	15	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	120	3
Paperhanger	25	-
Plumber	77	-
Painter, Glazier	190	-
Cabinet Maker	34	29
French Polisher	8	10
Furniture Broker, Dealer	9	9
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	-
Gas Fitter	18	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	5	1
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	6	-
Wood Carver	2	-
Carver, Gilder	8	-
Artificial Flower Maker	-	3
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	109	1
Coachmaker	15	-
Wheelwright	55	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	39	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	353	3
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	99	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	134	1
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	16	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	75	2
Sail Maker	29	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	171	81
Dye, Paint Manufacture	5	8
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	4	7
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	1	1
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	3	26
Chemist, Druggist	27	2
Manufacturing Chemist	125	35
Alkali Manufacture	5	1
Drysalter	1	1
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	67	335
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	60	335
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	7	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,575	461
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	215	21
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	6	139
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	17	5
Maltster	3	1
Brewer	19	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	4	4
Cellarman	36	13
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	34	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	29	17
Cheesemonger, Butterman	1	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	147	14
Provision Curer, Dealer	86	40
Poulterer, Game Dealer	6	2
Fishmonger	21	26
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	48	-
Corn Miller	126	6
Baker	161	8
Confectioner, Pastrycook	17	65
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	38	50
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	1	10
Sugar Refiner	348	4
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	191	34
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	21	1
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	188	212
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	3	1
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	-	2
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	2	-
Silk Dyer, Printer	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	72	57
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	11	6
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	1	2
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	-	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	11	5
Mat Maker, Seller	3	2
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	1	75
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	-	14
Weaver (undefined)	2	7
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	10	5
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	1	5
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	69	23
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	5
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	2
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	506	984
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	5	13
Tailor	146	117
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	5	617
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	153
Hosier, Haberdasher	2	5
Glover, Glove Maker	-	2
Button Maker, Dealer	-	1
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	256	56
Patten, Clog Maker	16	1
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	71	2
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	1	1
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	4	16
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	111	98
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	9	1
Soap Boiler, Maker	29	67
Furrier, Skinner	2	1
Tanner, Fellmonger	30	1
Currier	14	3
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	4	8
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	3	2
Brush, Broom, Maker	20	10
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	5
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	508	108
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	47	-
Oil and Colourman	3	-
Japanner	1	1
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	24	23
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	5	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	14	12
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	12	1
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	39	9
Sawyer	55	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	5	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	33	12
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	232	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	11	1
Paper Manufacture	2	16
Envelope Maker	-	4
Stationer, Law Stationer	13	11
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	5	18
Ticket, Label Writer	2	-
Others	5	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	1,752	35
Coal Miner	12	-
Ironstone Miner	1	-
Lead Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	22	7
Coalheaver	281	2
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	3	-
Gas Works Service	98	-
Stone Quarrier	19	1
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	5	-
Limeburner	2	-
Well Sinker, Borer	2	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	6	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	78	-
Paviour	28	-
Road Labourer	77	-
Platelayer	9	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	39	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	5	1
Glass Manufacture	12	2
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	5	5
Salt Maker, Dealer	7	-
Waterworks Service	8	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	3	1
[Iron Manufacture]	517	3
[Steel Manufacture]	3	-
Blacksmith	209	-
Whitesmith	43	-
Nail Manufacture	7	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	17	2
Copper, Copper Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
[Coppersmith]	41	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	75	4
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	4	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	90	3
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	5	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	11	4
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	4,582	801
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	97	214
Pawnbroker	94	4
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	49	360
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	70	4
Contractor (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	3,656	28
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	391	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	133	15
Apprentice (undefined)	22	2
Factory Labourer (undefined)	55	85
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	12	88
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	34	3
Town Drainage Service	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	13	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	15	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	4	3
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	333	2,309
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	333	2,309
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	371	10,588
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	21	6
[Blank field, or illegible]	350	10,582

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)